Whatever the choice, each person responds to a different need, but basically to decide for one of them, must take into account two variables: the variable aesthetic and economic variable. Like everything in construction, each element, product and material has its pro and cons.
As regards wall finishes, either outside or inside, we have the option of a fine lime, plaster waterproof plastic, plaster or caulking. (The latter two Outdoor discarded).
The plastic cake color (with different textures of termination) must be placed by experienced personnel in the placement of these coatings. Same with the cast and the fillings, the latter to a lesser extent.
The fine plasters are usually applied by personnel with experience in thick plaster, basically any officer can do it smoothly. The advantage of thin plaster is the easiness to implement, and price. It is the cheapest option of all. The counter is offered which should be painted, as the end to "crude", is unsightly. Therefore, maintenance-free. Also of course it must be properly applied, leaving no flash or manual filter step.
plastic liners require no maintenance, as they include color, and give the wall for additional protection against rain, since it is waterproof. Among the cons, we mention that must be placed by trained personnel and also its cost is significantly higher than other options. course it's more expensive, but painting a wall anymore.
Indoors, the cast is the best option. The finishing quality is infinitely superior to fine or fillings, but its cost is slightly higher, as it must be applied by plasterers with experience and material itself is also more expensive.
The caulking is usually the plan B of those who applied fine. Is used to correct imperfections, especially to correct poorly performed fine. The cost is minimal and worthwhile in cases where one does not remain satisfied with the completion of the lime.
hope has been useful to the article,
Architect Martin Arevalo
15 3553 9361
636 * 545
pools Promotions 
LA PLATA (A) - The Ministry of Public Works and Infrastructure particular province called an international tender to award the supply of schools that are isolated from the power grids in the province of Buenos Aires. With the completion of these works, for the first time ever, all the rural educational institutions will have to supply some energy. It is an international competitive bidding for awarding the solar power supply to 238 rural schools that are completely isolated from conventional electric power networks and are located in different places of 44 districts of the Buenos Aires area. The Minister for Infrastructure, Cristina Alvarez Rodriguez stressed the importance of the works "will be financed by the World Bank and contribute to strengthen the educational system, to provide equal opportunities for all children, both rural and urban areas. " "As stated by Governor Daniel Scioli permanently, the Province has to guarantee and ensure equal public education for all, to the last corner of its vast territory," added the official. He also said already published the invitation to bid and announced the opening of proposals for this system with the use of non-polluting alternative energies will be held on 5 May. As noted, the ability to enable energy to be installed to attend to the needs of lighting, water pumping, use of computers, printers, televisions, videos, and communications equipment with a supply of 220 volts. The venture will be implemented within the Technical Assistance Agreement signed between the Secretariat of Energy of the Nation and the province of Buenos Aires in order to provide an innovative solution to rural electricity supply market away from conventional power grids in framework of the Renewable Energy in Rural Markets. Undersecretary of Public Service, Daniel Guastavino, reported that "according to the bidding terms and conditions is due to supply, installation and commissioning in the 238 educational institutions through a system with panels photovoltaic ".. "The goal is to electrify or repowering, as appropriate, to all rural schools," adding that "after completion of the works, the systems will be transferred to the Directorate General of Culture and Education in the Province of Buenos Aires, which has planned preventative maintenance plan for all schools affected. " The works cover the full supply of the energy system, including teacher housing, and enable the establishments covered in the project have a facility capable of supplying power under the best conditions of quality and safety. The project is providing a subsidy of 80% of total resources necessary, while 20% will be provided by the Ministry of National Education.
Source: The News of Bahía Blanca, 23/03
Millions have been forced to leave their home regions, hit by severe floods and droughts
Hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis, floods and increasingly intense and threatening human life. On climate change, natural disasters year doubled to 400 in the last 20 years and have become more destructive.
But other disasters slower and quieter, though equally devastating, occur in all corners of the world. And all of them are forcing millions to flee their homes.
Rising sea levels threaten to engulf rivers and islands and affect coastal populations. The desertification and drought running amok in various regions of the planet, which degrades vast agricultural lands. And the high temperatures are melting glaciers. Thus, entire populations are forced to move in search of essential resources, increasingly scarce.
According to Norwegian Refugee Council, last year alone over 20 million people were displaced by disasters induced by global warming, nearly four times more than those affected by armed conflict. And the forecasts are not encouraging: the optimists say there will be about 250 million "displaced climate" by 2050. The pessimists, 1000 million.
Despite these alarming figures, the problem is still ignored in international negotiations, as happened in the recent Copenhagen. "The displacement of populations is the forgotten child: do not talk about it at conferences even though it is a priority issue," said Jean-François Durieux, Head of Climate Change United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( UNHCR).
The situation of the "displaced climate, which are not considered refugees by the international standards required to establish a new legal framework and create a specific world body to meet its needs.
"The notion of a refugee applies to people persecution or violence. There is no obligation to welcome those fleeing poverty. In the future, who will take care of all this misery? States are reluctant, even hostile, to open this discussion. It is necessary to establish a clear link between IDPs and climatic reasons, "says Durieux.
" The fear is that those displaced due to weather are in a legal limbo, "says La Nacion Carolina Podesta, a spokeswoman for the UNHCR office in Buenos Aires .
Differential Impact
international agencies to help displaced people around the world suggest that costs will be absorbed by industrialized countries have more impact on global warming, as the U.S. and China, the largest emitters of greenhouse gases.
While developed nations are responsible for increasing the maximum CO2 in the atmosphere, are the poorest countries that will face the greatest consequences. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that during this century the average global temperature will increase between 2 and 4 ° C above pre-industrial era. These levels of warming that will alter climate patterns, will result in extreme situations each more frequent. And millions of people will be forced to leave their homes will make it impossible to return.
"The developing countries can not cope with this additional burden: the displaced population will increase pressure on areas already affected by shortages," warns François Gemmene, Institute for Sustainable Development and Relations International.
According to a joint UN and the Centre for Monitoring Internal Displacement in Asia occurred on 80% of trips related to natural disasters in 2008: more than five million people by floods in India, nearly two million in the Philippines by storm and hundreds of thousands in China and Myanmar due to heavy rains. Not to mention the 15 million who left an earthquake in Sichuan province, China.
Meanwhile, in China the Gobi desert is growing at a rate of 10,000 km2 per year. Similar situations occur in Morocco, Tunisia and Libya. In Egypt, half of the arable lands become saline, and the Amazon thousands of people displaced by droughts. And millions of people in coastal areas (60% of the 39 largest cities in the world are concentrated there) will be forced to migrate when within 40 years, sea level rose several inches.
that time, between 10 and 25 million people have fled their homes by flooding. In the delta of the Nile, a rise of underground water levels to flee to six million people.
to UNHCR, there can be no further delay. "Now we have sufficient knowledge to act and avoid a situation that could prove to be uncontrollable."
Source: www.lanacion. com
to care for the planet, not always blindly follow some maximum is the most efficient idea. The best thing is to analyze the issue of each user, say experts.
Amalia Torres
1 Turn off lights
Much I heard that if you turn off the lights will be caring for the planet, the truth is that this phrase is not 100% true. "In Chile, the energy matrix is \u200b\u200bdefined. There is constant energy consumption by the mining, then, someone turn off the light in your home does not make a real difference, unless a lot of people turn off the lights at the same time . Only then will shut down a power plant and coal consumption, "said Marcelo Mena, director of the Master in Environmental Management of the U. Andrés Bello.
But remember, it is beneficial for long-term projections: "When you project a new electricity demand in future years could prevent construction of a new plant. "
2 Prefer Hand wash
is better to buy a dishwasher be washed by hand, although the second option seems more friendly to the planet: "It is so inefficient washing by hand, so much energy to be in hot water, it is best to use a dishwasher," says Mena. To wash clothing, explains José Antonio Sanchez, a consultant on sustainability, "the machine is efficient only if full load, cold water is used and does not dry in dryer. Also have to see if they are used much phosphate soaps, which are highly polluting, or the magic balls, which are very good. "
3 diesel and hybrid cars are better than bencineros
"The diesel car is good for energy, has better performance than a traditional car, but emissions of particulate matter are very high, more than a bencinero, particularly if not mantenciones you do, "says Mena. buying a hybrid would not be the solution." You can Similar improvements in driving behaviors, like not using a 4x4 and live near work. Riding a hybrid decision today is a more heart that pocket, "he adds.
And have heard that older cars pollute more? Well you know that according to British newspaper The Guardian, a new vehicle manufacturing emits, on average, eight tons of CO2, ie the same as if he drove 37 000 km.
4 Being vegetarian is good for the planet
More to avoid eating meat in general, it is best not to eat red or dairy products. "The red meat production generates a lot of methane, by the mere fact that cows are ruminants. The same applies to sheep, goats and deer," says Mena. In fact, to produce a kilo of hard cheese causes a higher carbon footprint to produce a kilo of chicken, says The Guardian.
5 fireplaces are environmentally
Marcelo Mena is firm on this point, "Wood stoves are not green, only they would be if captured particulate matter and are sustainable sources of wood. But it is not known if the wood used is sustainable or comes from a native forest. And the dual-chamber stoves pollute nearly 500 times more than a natural gas stove or kerosene.
6 Use reusable nappies
Disposable diapers not bad idea if you use their absorbing abilities to change a few times a day, said Marcelo Mena. It also avoids the washing and ironing. However, José Antonio Sanchez added: "It all depends on how aware is the user with disposable diapers.
7 Do not use plastic bags
If bags are used by the boot several times and special places for plastic are not a sin. "If gender prefer better, but if the person is conscious and not buy a new bag every time you go to the supermarket," says Sanchez.
8 Buy local products
Air transport and ground leaving a large carbon footprint, not the shipping. "There is a study showing that U.S. buying Dutch beer leaves a smaller carbon footprint than if the beer came from California, and then would travel by truck," said the expert Marcelo Mena.
9 Always walk in micro
"Walking in a pimp Transantiago Micro pollutes more than riding in a car, but a walk alone," says Mena . The difference occurs when riding a new bus with a particulate filter. "In that case, the emission of particulate matter is similar to riding a car, but the carbon footprint is lower using the bus, "he adds.
Courtesy: Dr. David Morillon - UNAM - Mex
All architects, once in college taught us to design shopping malls, museums, buildings of 15 or more floors, stadiums, etc. ..
also taught us how to design houses, of various sizes, from minimal to huge mansions of 500 m2.
Buildings of this type could not exist without the design no doubt, given its size, complexity and endless applications. But when it comes to projects of 8, 21 or 30 m2? And when even more, that area is not even covered?
design also applies to swimming pools, when the client and needs warrant. The design professional has the ability to think and see clearly what they think, but because it was formed. For it was prepared, that instilled in him, that was their education and can not nor should expect less.
But for those who can not and should not necessarily have to power or duty can be laid this task difficult. It can be difficult for an architect to speak of what we imagine and demonstrate to your client with gestures, arm movements, or even sketches on paper. The customer often does not have his eye or his mind used to be able to translate into images their desires and intentions, and less of the other.
For this reason, I find it important to plot our clients our projects, as clear as possible, and with the best tools available. 
In this case, the needs of a pool for a couple with two young children, few meters across a field and solar radiation in only one half of the land, resulted in this project is a reality.
Architect Martin Arevalo
